Monday, 17 August 2015

The Battle of Hastings - The Final Crossing

Hi!

I promised something about The Bastards trip from Dives to Pevensey, so here it is.


Dives to St Valery Sur Somme

The Bastard left Dives and I would expect took off in a generally northerly direction. This is because the coast from Fecamp to Dives generally goes north/south.Another little factor is that the Normans had to wait for a southerly to blow the ships/boats clear of the mouth of the River Dives. 

There has been some discussion in academia about whether it was an actual delay as opposed to a political one. Some historians don't accept an actual delay for the weather but I think they're wrong. Let's look at the geography of the coast at Dives or it's modern equivalent Ouistreham. The coast changes direction from North/South at le Harve to East/West at Ouistreham, making onshore breezes at Ouistreham a straight northerly. Since the Normans had to take out the rowing benches for the horses then they were totally reliant on a southerly wind.

One of the consequences of a southerly wind is that it is usually followed by a wind that veers to the west and strengthens. This is what happened due to the guiding Low pressure system. Fortunately the Norman fleet had passed Fecamp  and turning west to flee the strengthening westerly winds meant that the fleet were strung out along the coast from Dieppe to St Valery Sur Somme. So, the real delay, in my opinion, occurred while the fleet was at anchor in the Somme so as to allow any stragglers from the minor storm to regain the fleet. 



    but as in the board game known as "The War of the Roses", storm at sea, all ships take refuge in nearest port. Well, for the Bastard, this meant St Valery Sur Somme in neighbouring Piccardy. According to reports no ships were lost but more of that later. 

St Valery Sur Somme to Pevensey

According to reports the men ROWED for most of the night before hoisting sail and TURNING for England. To me this means that they did not take a direct route which would have been a heading of about 320 degrees but they rowed back along the coast of Normandy until they spotted Fecamp and then "hung a right"! As the distance from St Valery to Fecamp is about  135 km , one assumes it would have taken most of the night if they left St Valery in the early evening as reported. 

Also in the reports the writer mentions stopping mid channel to regroup. This tends to support he idea that the Normans needed to land somewhere where they could regroup - this rules out a landing in the vicinity of Bulverhythe. 

If the Normans navigation was good ( and as was the visibility ), they would have been able to see Beachy Head some 32 km out to sea. 

9 miles out and Pevensey Fort would have been spotted and navigated towards. 

At Pevensey

Reports suggest that the Bastard refortified Pevensey Castle left by the Romans and stayed there a few days to accomplish that task. As there is no need for the "nobs" to supervise or to ride their horses around looking pretty, I suggest that the local tradition of the Normans landing at Standard Hill is true in as much as the Bastard's cavalry could have landed there with the orders to "Proceed to the Port of Hastings and secure the required landing zone and like Time Team in 1000 years time - you've got just three days to do it"

Right, let's end it here on the shores of East Sussex and next time I'll go into the landing at the Port of Hastings. Maybe I'll go into where I think the temporary forts where set up. 

Wednesday, 12 August 2015

Battle of Hastings - The start of a Journey of Discovery



The Battle of Hastings


Hi, let me introduce myself. I'm Kevin and I've just spent the last 14 years looking into the Battle of Hastings.

Over that time I've managed to acquire copies of the 4 early reports on the Battle namely 

The Bayeux Tapestry, - Coffee table book showing the Bayeux Tapestry in a 1:1 ratio

Gesta Guillelmi  by William of Poitiers Translation by Chibnall and Davis Oxford Medieval Texts

Gesta Normannorum Ducum by William of Jumièges Translated by E.M.T Van Houts Oxford Medieval Texts ( Vols I and II)

Carmen de Triumpho Normannico by Bishop Guy d'Amiens Translation by Kathleen Tyson

I've also obtained 12th century sources such as 

The Chronicle of Battle Abbey Translated by E Searle Oxford Medieval Texts

The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis ( Vol II - Books III and IV) by Orderic Vitalis Translated by  Chibnall Oxford Medieval Texts

The Chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon Translated by Thomas Forester A.M Copyright free

Chronicle of the Kings of England by William of Malmesbury Translated by J.A Giles D.C.L Copyright Free

Roman de Rou by Wace Translated by Glyn S Burgess The Boydell Press

A copy of Michael Swanton's "The Anglo Saxon Chronicles" is hanging around. 

Information on King Edward the Confessor has been gleaned from 

Edward The Confessor by Frank Barlow

Edward The Confessor: Last of the Royal Blood by Tom Licence

Life of St Edward the Confessor by St Ælred of Rievaulx Translated by Fr F.J Bertram, RSA

The Life of St Edward, King and Confessor by R.F J Porter



My own background includes a training in Electronics and about 25 years as a civil servant. I have an Open University degree, predominantly in the Sciences. I would like to point out that I have no training as a historian other than watching Time Team for nigh on 20 years! So all feedback is welcome even if negative but please be gentle with me. 

I have yet to have definitive proof that the site I think is the site of the "Battle" but I am hopeful that in the fullness of time someone with a metal detector will investigate. Also, I have identified the site of the Malfosse and have some idea where another part of the battle took place.


Existing named "Battle" sites

1. The Official English Heritage site
Due to Time Team I think English Heritage have preceded on a course of digs across their site to find evidence of the battle. To date I have not heard of any discoveries. In the words of a prominent historian " the absence of evidence is not evidence that the battle did not take place there". 

I watched the Time Team special and how they carefully removed the modern remnants of all the re-enacting to find...... nothing and scoffed at the collective red faces of English Heritage but then I got to thinking. What if the stories were true that the monks "flattened" out the top of Senlec Ridge and dumped the spoil on the slope of the hill thus covering up the remains of the battle? I don't know the "range" of a metal detecting device but it's pretty short.  You would have a layer of topsoil containing modern artefacts with a layer of subsoil underneath, which would be from the top of Senlac Ridge. Underneath that could be the original 1066 surface containing battle debris. Or I could be wrong and the whole thing could be the normal topsoil, subsoil and bedrock layers but have they checked?

2. Caldbec Hill
Nothing found by Time Team. I have nothing but the highest respect for John Grehan and his analysis. 

3. Crowhurst

Nothing definitively proved for this site. However, I do have respect for Nick Austin and his analysis because he has turned up some useful facts. When I started my research, I found what Nick wrote very interesting even though I disagreed with his analysis and that's what got me digging a little deeper. 

4. Mini roundabout at junction of A2100 and Marley Lane (Time Team)
Based on the finding of one axe head (one axe head more than the official site) and the limited scope given to their military expert. Despite both sides of the road having been developed for housing no finds other than the axe head has been found. Also they quite clearly state that William was marching towards London whereas Williams troops had already spotted Harold II and was heading into battle with his troops split into three wings. So for me, this site lacks any room for manoeuvre for Williams cavalry.  

Proposed “Battle” Sites  

5. Beech Farm

This site has been proposed by Simon Coleman. I have his thoughts on paper, but I’ve been unable to figure out his reasoning.

6. Beechdown Wood

This is located just to the north of the junction of the B2096 with the A271 and is one of two sites nominated by Simon Mansfield. I have no details of how he has come to this conclusion.


7. Junction of B2096 with Netherfield Hill Road

This is the second location proposed by Simon Mansfield. Again, I have no information as to why he has chosen this site.

8. North of Bodiham

This rather vague location is given by Kathleen Tyson in her translation of the “Song of the Norman Invasion”

9. Two battle sites that together form the Battle of Hastings

This is my choice as to what happened on 14th October 1066. The first encounter occurred at a place called “Scen-leag” and was an encounter between the English professional soldier called Huscarls and the Normans. This is either at the top of Battle High Street by the Fire Station or just to the North-east of Catsfield.  The second encounter, which was the main encounter, occurred in the vicinity of Battle Golf Course.  
Next Post:-

There are a further 45 posts on various aspects of he Battle including some post on Edward and Emma for you to enjoy! 

You tube video - https://youtu.be/_vjAJ_xk20k